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Dogs can smell when we’re stressed

The physiological processes associated with an acute psychological stress response produce changes in human breath and sweat that dogs can detect with an accuracy of 93.75%, according to a new study.

In the new study, the researchers collected samples of breath and sweat from non-smokers who had not recently eaten or drank. Samples were collected both before and after a fast-paced arithmetic task, along with self-reported stress levels and objective physiological measures: heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP).

Samples from 36 participants who reported an increase in stress because of the task, and experienced an increase in HR and BP during the task, were shown to trained dogs within three hours of being collected. Four dogs of different breeds and breed-mixes had been trained, using a clicker as well as kibble, to match odors in a discrimination task. At testing, dogs were asked to find the participant’s stress sample (taken at the end of the task) while the same person’s relaxed sample (taken only minutes before, prior to the task starting) was also in the sample line-up.

Overall, dogs could detect and perform their alert behavior on the sample taken during stress in 675 out of 720 trials, or 93.75% of the time, much greater than expected by chance (p<0.001). The first time they were exposed to a participant’s stressed and relaxed samples, the dogs correctly alerted to the stress sample 94.44% of the time. Individual dogs ranged in performance from 90% to 96.88% accuracy.

The authors conclude that dogs can detect an odor associated with the change in Volatile Organic Compounds produced by humans in response to stress, a finding that tells us more about the human-dog relationship and could have applications to the training of anxiety and PTSD service dogs that are currently trained to respond predominantly to visual cues.

The authors add: “This study demonstrates that dogs can discriminate between the breath and sweat taken from humans before and after a stress-inducing task. This finding tells us that an acute, negative, psychological stress response alters the odor profile of our breath/sweat, and that dogs are able to detect this change in odor.”

Journal Reference: Clara Wilson, Kerry Campbell, Zachary Petzel, Catherine Reeve. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274143

Upper Crust

Back in the day, those with money had plates made of pewter. Food with high acid content caused some of it to leach onto the food, causing lead poisoning death.

This happened most often with tomatoes, so for the next 400 years or so, tomatoes were considered poisonous.

Bread was divided according to status. Workers got the burnt bottom of the loaf, the family got the middle and the guests got the top, or “Upper Crust.”

Ocean Beat: featuring Tomas Skyldeberg

Some days I’ll sit in the office on my computer and just listen. One of my recurring favorites is Tomas Skyldeberg.

The video here was produced by ZeroSoundBeat and has a collection of some of the best from Tomas Skyldeberg

It may seem rather lengthy at 42 minutes, but it has a lot of great pieces of music.

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Tomas Skyldeberg is a Swedish composer most known for his electronic music, which contains an inimitable balance of dreamy vibes and epic house.

Born in Gothenburg, on the west coast of Sweden, Tomas enjoyed singing and listening to music throughout his childhood, but didn’t start to develop a deep understanding of it until he received some basic music software from his friend at the age of 17.

For the next two years he created music with his friends, subsequently releasing tracks with the aim of masterminding a big hit. Continuing his musical interest alongside a full-time career, it wasn’t until 2016, when he released the albums “Falling Stars” and “Streets of Paris”, that his work began to gain appreciation.

After a relatively quiet 2017, Tomas re-emerged in March 2018 releasing five soft house tracks in the form of the EP “Everything Shines”, subsequently following this up with the singles “Feel The Breeze” and “Moving Up” and the album “Love Like Gold”.

Today he lives in Gothenburg where he continues to compose and produce music, consistently adding to a back-catalog that has already been heard over a billion times on YouTube.

Tomas has been involved in creating tracks that have found their way into notable compilations and music platforms. His work includes songs like “Spaceboy From The 90’s Decade – Radio Edit”, which has a tempo of 140 BPM, reflecting a style that might appeal to those interested in danceable, yet melancholic tunes. His track “Ibiza Sunrise” was featured in “A State of Trance 2010”, a significant compilation by Armin van Buuren, indicating his connection to the trance music community.

You can catch up with Tom on Facebook

This video is a production of:

ZeroSoundBeat – Trance & Progressive Music

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Charlotte Elliot (a short history)

Charlotte Elliott was an English poet, hymn writer, and editor. She is best known by two hymns, “Just As I Am” and “Thy will be done”.

On September 22, 1871, an elderly British lady, 82 years old, was ushered into her heavenly reward.

Earlier in her life, in 1835, her frustration at being an invalid left her feeling useless and questioning her very salvation. What she did next would echo through history.

As a young woman, Charlotte Elliot was not sure of her relationship with Christ, not sure of how to be saved, even though she had been raised a minister’s daughter, and the probing question of a Swiss evangelist, “Are you at peace with God?”, would not leave her mind.

When she saw the evangelist a few weeks later, she mentioned that she could not shake his question. But, she protested, what could she possibly bring to God? When he replied that she need not bring anything but herself, she gladly accepted Christ.

Some years later, crippled by illness and constant fatigue, she felt saddened by her inability to help a local church’s cause.

Remembering her conversion, she took out pen and paper and wrote a poem to encourage others who felt perhaps they too had nothing to give.

“Just As I Am, without one plea,
But that Thy blood was shed for me,
And that Thou bidst me come to Thee,
Oh, Lamb of God, I come.”

Her poem was published and she was inundated with requests for it.

She was gladdened to discover later that some copies were being sold to raise money for the very cause she felt helpless to assist.

After her death, thousands of letters were found in her home, written by people whose lives had been transformed by her words.

Her song has been translated into hundreds of languages, published in more than 1600 hymnals, and has reached billions around the world, and continues to bring people to Christ even today.

Sixty years later, in 1931, a 31-year-old man riding in the sidecar of his brother’s motorcycle in England finally came to the end of his internal struggle against whether Christ was indeed the Son of God.

He finally knew in his soul that indeed Jesus was just who He said He was! He realized that God calls us to Him “just as we are”.

When C.S. Lewis stepped out of the sidecar, he was a new man, saved by grace!

Ninety-nine years after Charlotte Elliott penned her words, and 3 years after Lewis’ conversion, the 16-year-old son of a dairy farmer listened intently as he heard the message of salvation preached at a revival service in Charlotte, NC.

When the song, “Just As I Am,” was sung at the end, young Billy Graham went forward to accept Christ.

Twenty years later, Billy Graham had become a successful evangelist and was invited to speak at Cambridge University in England.

His nervousness over the event nearly led him to cancel it. But he was introduced to a kind man named C.S. Lewis who encouraged him to disregard the critics who had spoken out against him, and to continue with the revival.

Rev. Graham went on to speak to an overflow crowd of 2,000 each night of the revival, and when he returned to England in 1989, he addressed a crowd of 80,000 at England’s Wimbley Stadium!

As always, he closed the event with the same song that brought him to Christ, “Just As I Am.”

Never think you have “nothing” to bring to Jesus!

That is exactly what He wants you to bring — nothing! He wants you, just you — as you are!

He can take frustration like Charlotte Elliot’s, skepticism like Lewis’, and nervousness like Billy Graham’s, and reach the world through you.

“Just as I am, though tossed about
with many a conflict, many a doubt,
fightings and fears within, without,
O Lamb of God, I come, I come.”

George Orwell (a short history)

It’s frightful that people who are so ignorant should have so much influence.

George Orwell (Eric Arthur Blair’s pen name) was an English writer, essayist and journalist, born on 25 June 1903 in India and died on 21 January 1950 in London.

A multifaceted author, his work reflects his political commitments in favor of social justice.

George Orwell took advantage of his intellectual abilities to obtain scholarships allowing him to receive a good academic education, notably at Eton College.

He affirmed a rebellious temperament over time, but nevertheless joined the Burmese imperial police, following a family tradition of serving the British Empire.

After five years, he left his position to devote himself to writing.

George Orwell then alternated between periods during which he explored the living conditions of the poor and periods of working as a teacher or bookstore employee.

After having been involved in Spain against the Franco dictatorship, he returned to London and wrote his main novels, including Animal Farm.

He died of tuberculosis shortly after the publication of his most famous work, the dystopian novel 1984.

sourced – George Orwell: A Life in Letters